Ardea
Official journal of the Netherlands Ornithologists' Union

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Lebret T. (1947) The migration of the Teal, Anas crecca crecca L., in western Europe. ARDEA 35 (1-2): 79-131
1. Iceland, Scandinavia, Finland, north-western Russia and the Baltic States are the breeding grounds of the Teal which winter in western Europe. 2. These areas are evacuated during September and are totally left in October. 3; The main flock of the migratory Teal from northern Europe are likely to arrive in Denmark and the Netherlands in the latter part of August. Denmark and the Netherlands are especially migratory areas where the birds suspend their journey for some time. Denmark is evacuated during November. 4. The winter quarters of the Teal are situated in the British Isles, France, the Iberian Peninsula and northern Italy. In the Netherlands Teal winter only in mild winters; this country and northern France are evacuated when severe weather sets in. 5. In thee winter range wanderings in several directions may be performed over considerable distances. 6. The autumn migration of the Teal in western Europe is not only focussed but actually bottlenecked in Denmark and the Netherlands. 7. Homeward migration is likely to go more direct towards the breeding grounds at any rate that from the British Isles. 8. Most Teal are likely to return to their usual winter quarters and also to the breeding area they originate from. Within the summer range of the Teal with a joint winter quarter changes of breeding locality may occur. Also immigration into the summer range of another population may occur. The latter may be due to pairing of birds of different breeding localities with a joint winter quarter, the former to some other cause. 9. Abmigration is not likely to occur among British Teal. 10. The results of the ringing described are not in favour of the theory of migration along a narrow path. 11. Mortality resulting from fowling is to be derived from the records. Duck decoys especially catch first and, second year birds.


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