Syroechkovskiy Y., Litvin K.Y. & Ebbinge B.S. (1991) Breeding success of geese and swans on Vaygach Island (USSR) during 1986-1988; interplay of weather and arctic fox predation. ARDEA 79 (3): 373-382

Nesting success of Barnacle Geese Branta leucopsis, Tundra Been Geese Anser fabalis rossicus, White-fronted Geese Anser albifrons and Bewick's Swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii on a 120 km2 study area on Vaygach Island in northern Russia (70degree.15'N, 58degree. 47'E) has been studied during three seasons. These data are compared with the proportion of first-winter birds determined on the wintering grounds in The Netherlands. Direct observations of arctic for Alopex lagopus predation on nests, weather conditions during egg-laying and incubation are described. Both lemming cycles and meterological conditions have an impact on breeding success of geese and swans, but the relative contribution of each remains to be elucidated.